曝氣生物濾池（Biological Aerated Filter）是一種新型污水生物膜處理技術，具有*的脫氮和有機物降解效果，可直接將市政污水處理達到《城鎮污水處理廠污染物排放標準》（GB18918-2002）一級A標準或《城市污水再生利用城市雜用水水質》（GB/T18920-2002）標準。
 

　　一般說來，曝氣生物濾池具有以下特征：

　　（1）用粒狀填料作為生物載體，如陶粒、焦(jiao)炭、石英砂、活性炭、改型(xing)聚胺酯等。 （2）區(qu)別于一般(ban)生物濾(lv)池及生物濾(lv)塔(ta)，在去(qu)除(chu)BOD、氨(an)氮時需進行曝氣(qi)。

　　（3）高(gao)水力負(fu)(fu)荷、高(gao)容(rong)積負(fu)(fu)荷及高(gao)的生物膜活性。

　　（4）具(ju)有生物(wu)氧化(hua)降解和截留SS的雙重功能(neng)，生物(wu)處理單(dan)元之后不需再設二(er)次沉淀池。

　　（5）需定(ding)期進行反沖洗(xi)，清洗(xi)濾池中截留的(de)SS以(yi)及更(geng)新生物膜。

　　二、曝氣生(sheng)物濾池工藝的(de)主要(yao)優點

　　（1）曝氣生物濾池是第三代生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)濾(lv)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，是真正集生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)法與活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)污泥法于(yu)一(yi)身的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反(fan)(fan)應器，出(chu)水(shui)水(shui)質(zhi)高、處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)負(fu)(fu)荷(he)(he)大(da)。 滴(di)濾(lv)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)（普通(tong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)濾(lv)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)）被(bei)稱為(wei)(wei)*代生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)濾(lv)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，也是生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)濾(lv)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)初的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雛形，高負(fu)(fu)荷(he)(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)濾(lv)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)濾(lv)塔是在(zai)此基礎上發(fa)展起來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)第二(er)代生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)濾(lv)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)，主要特征是增(zeng)加了處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)負(fu)(fu)荷(he)(he)。曝(pu)(pu)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)濾(lv)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)對生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)濾(lv)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)進行了全(quan)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)革(ge)新：采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)強制(zhi)曝(pu)(pu)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)，代替了自然通(tong)風(feng)；采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)粒徑小、比表(biao)面積大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)濾(lv)料，顯著(zhu)提(ti)高了生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)濃(nong)度(du)；采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)與過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)聯合方式，省去了二(er)次沉淀池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)；采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)反(fan)(fan)沖洗的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方式，免去了堵塞的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)能(neng)，同(tong)時(shi)提(ti)高了生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)；采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)加生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)絮體聯合處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方式，同(tong)時(shi)發(fa)揮了生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)法和(he)活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)污泥法的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優點。 曝(pu)(pu)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)濾(lv)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)同(tong)時(shi)具有(you)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)氧(yang)化降解和(he)過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)，因(yin)(yin)而可(ke)(ke)獲(huo)得(de)很(hen)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出(chu)水(shui)水(shui)質(zhi)，可(ke)(ke)達(da)到回用(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)水(shui)質(zhi)標準(zhun)。一(yi)般(ban)來說，對生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)污水(shui)，二(er)級處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)即可(ke)(ke)達(da)到普通(tong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝三級處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)平。對工(gong)(gong)(gong)業廢(fei)水(shui)，即使在(zai)可(ke)(ke)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)化性(xing)(xing)不強的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況下(xia)，曝(pu)(pu)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)濾(lv)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)效(xiao)果也優于(yu)一(yi)般(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝，因(yin)(yin)為(wei)(wei)曝(pu)(pu)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)濾(lv)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)有(you)機(ji)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)不僅依賴(lai)于(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)氧(yang)化，還存在(zai)顯著(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)吸(xi)附和(he)過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)，因(yin)(yin)為(wei)(wei)可(ke)(ke)去除粒徑較大(da)，可(ke)(ke)吸(xi)附去除一(yi)些可(ke)(ke)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)化性(xing)(xing)不強的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)。由于(yu)填料本身截留(liu)及表(biao)面生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)絮凝(ning)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)，使得(de)出(chu)水(shui)SS很(hen)底(di)，一(yi)般(ban)不超過(guo)(guo)10mg/l，出(chu)水(shui)非(fei)常清澈(che)透明；因(yin)(yin)不斷(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)反(fan)(fan)沖洗，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)得(de)以有(you)效(xiao)更新，表(biao)現(xian)為(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)較薄（一(yi)般(ban)為(wei)(wei)110微(wei)米(mi)左右），活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)很(hen)高。高活(huo)(huo)性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)不僅體現(xian)在(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)氧(yang)化、降解方面，更表(biao)現(xian)為(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)絮凝(ning)、吸(xi)附作用(yong)(yong)(yong)。對一(yi)些難降解的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)，可(ke)(ke)將(jiang)其吸(xi)附、截留(liu)在(zai)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)中，得(de)以去除。

　　（2）占地面積(ji)小，基(ji)建投資省。

　　（3）運(yun)行費(fei)用低(di)。曝(pu)(pu)氣(qi)生物濾(lv)池(chi)工(gong)藝氧(yang)的(de)傳輸利(li)用效率很(hen)高，曝(pu)(pu)氣(qi)量(liang)小，供氧(yang)動力消耗低(di)。氧(yang)的(de)利(li)用效率可達20－30％。工(gong)程實踐表明，曝(pu)(pu)氣(qi)量(liang)為傳統活性污(wu)泥法的(de)1／20，為氧(yang)化溝的(de)1／6，為SBR的(de)1／4—1／3，在很(hen)大程度上節省了運(yun)行費(fei)用。曝(pu)(pu)氣(qi)生物濾(lv)池(chi)水頭損失較小，剩余污(wu)泥量(liang)少且容易處理，維護(hu)量(liang)很(hen)少，這(zhe)都將保證運(yun)行費(fei)用較低(di)。

　　（4）抗沖(chong)擊負荷能(neng)力強，耐低溫。

　　（5）易掛(gua)膜(mo)，啟動(dong)快。

　　（6）曝氣生物濾(lv)池采(cai)用模塊化結構，便(bian)于后期改、擴建。

　　（7）不產生(sheng)臭氣、環境(jing)質(zhi)量(liang)高(gao)。

　　我公司(si)近幾(ji)年來一(yi)直從事(shi)曝氣生(sheng)物濾(lv)(lv)池(chi)（BAF）工(gong)藝的(de)研究和(he)(he)推廣，并建立了全國大的(de)曝氣生(sheng)物濾(lv)(lv)池(chi)（BAF）系列設(she)備生(sheng)產與制造的(de)產業(ye)化基地(di)，在國內應用于市(shi)政污水(shui)、工(gong)業(ye)廢水(shui)處(chu)理和(he)(he)中(zhong)水(shui)回用工(gong)程，已(yi)完成(cheng)了100多項采用該(gai)工(gong)藝的(de)污水(shui)和(he)(he)中(zhong)水(shui)處(chu)理示范工(gong)程。

　　由我公司消化吸收國外新技術、研究改進開發的曝氣生物濾池工藝技術，揉合了(le)我公司的(de)多(duo)項zhuan li 技術，它的(de)大(da)特點(dian)是使(shi)用(yong)一種新(xin)(xin)型(xing)的(de)球(qiu)形輕質多(duo)孔生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)濾(lv)料(liao)，在其(qi)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)及(ji)開口(kou)孔隙內(nei)生(sheng)(sheng)長微生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)，污水(shui)由下(xia)向(xiang)上或由上向(xiang)下(xia)流經濾(lv)料(liao)層(ceng)，濾(lv)料(liao)層(ceng)下(xia)部提供曝氣(qi)。污水(shui)流經表(biao)(biao)面(mian)長滿生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)濾(lv)料(liao)時，其(qi)中(zhong)的(de)有機物(wu)(wu)及(ji)氮(dan)得到降解，同時生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)濾(lv)料(liao)層(ceng)截留污水(shui)中(zhong)的(de)SS和(he)(he)老化脫落(luo)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)并進行(xing)(xing)固(gu)液分離。定(ding)(ding)期利用(yong)處(chu)理(li)后的(de)出水(shui)對濾(lv)池進行(xing)(xing)反沖洗，排除被截留的(de)SS和(he)(he)老化脫落(luo)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)，促進濾(lv)料(liao)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)老化生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)脫落(luo)，使(shi)高活性的(de)新(xin)(xin)鮮生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)與污水(shui)直接接觸，提高了(le)降解速率(lv)和(he)(he)效率(lv)，使(shi)出水(shui)穩定(ding)(ding)達(da)標。

　　工藝技術優點：

　　1 、 總體投資省，包括機械設備、自控(kong)電氣(qi)系統、土建和征(zheng)地費；

　　2 、占地面積小，通常為常規處(chu)理工藝占地面積的(de) 1/5-1/10 ，廠區布置緊湊(cou)，美觀；

　　3 、處(chu)理出水質量(liang)好(hao)，可優于一級(ji)A排放標準或(huo)生(sheng)活(huo)雜用水水質標準；

　　4 、工藝流程短，氧的傳(chuan)輸(shu)效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)高，系統充氧效(xiao)率(lv)(lv)可(ke)達30%－35%，供氧動力消耗低；

　　5 、過濾(lv)速度(du)快，處理負荷大(da)大(da)高于常(chang)規處理工藝；

　　6 、抗沖擊能力強，受氣候、水(shui)量和水(shui)質(zhi)變(bian)化影響小(xiao)，特(te)別適合于天氣寒冷地區，并可(ke)間歇運行；

　　7 、可建(jian)成封(feng)閉式廠(chang)房，減少臭氣、噪聲對(dui)周圍環境的影響，視覺(jue)感官效(xiao)果好(hao)；

　　8 、全部采用PLC智(zhi)能控制(zhi)，操作(zuo)人員少，運行管理方(fang)便，便于(yu)維護；

　　9 、全部模塊化結構，便(bian)于進行后期的改(gai)擴建。